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Syllabus:
Geology Preliminary |
Part-I
(a) General Geology : Solar System. The Earth :
its origin, age and internal constitution. Volcanoes-types,
distribution geological effects and products. Earthquakes-intensity,
magnitude, distribution, causes and effects. Elementary ideas about
isostasy, geosynclines, mountain building, continental drift, sea
floor spreading and plate tectonics.
(b) Geomorphology : Basic concepts. External and internal
processes. Rock weathering. Cycle of erosion. Fluvial landforms and
drainage patterns. Landforms of aeolian, marine, glacial and 'Karst'
landscapes. Elements of Remote Sensing.
(c) Structural and field Geology : Primary and secondary
structures. Dip and strike of beds. Unconformities. Study of folds,
joints, faults, foliation and lineations. Overthrusts and nappe
structures. Stages of rock deformation. Construction of block
diagrams. Stereographic and equal-area nets. Solutions of simple
problems by stereographic net.Topographic maps and their
interpretation. Use of clinometer compass in the field Measurements
of bed, foliation, folds joints, faults and lineations in the field.
Principles of geological mapping. Effects of topography on outcrops.
Drawing of sections.
Part-II
(a) Crystallography : Elements of crystal structure. Laws of
crystallography, Symmetry elements of normal classes of seven
crystal systems.Properties and interaction of light and crystalline
matter. Petrological microscope and accessories. Construction and
use of Nicole prism. Pleochroism, double refraction, extinction
angle, birefringence and twinning in crystals,
Isotropic, uniaxial and biaxial minerals.
(b) Mineralogy : Physical, chemical and optical properties of
the following common rock forming minerals: quartz, feldspar, mica,
pyroxene, amphibole,olivine, garnet, chlorite, carbonates,
aluminosilicates. Structure of silicates and crystal chemistry of
minerals. Gemstones.
(c) Economic Geology :Ore, ore mineral and gangue.
Classification of ore deposits. Important processes of their
formation. Occurrence, origin and distribution in India of the ores
of aluminium, chromium, copper, gold, lead, zinc, iron, manganese
and radioactive elements. Deposits of minerals use as abrasives,
refractories and in ceramics, deposits of coal and petroleum.
Elements of prospecting for mineral deposits.
Part -III
(a) Igneous Petrology :Origin of magma and formation of
igneous rocks. Bowen's reaction principle. Crystallisation of binary
systems. Classification of igneous rocks. Textures and structures of
igneous rocks. Composition, origin and mode of occurrence of
granite, syenite, diorite, mafic and ultramafic groups, anorthosites
and alkaline rocks.
(b) Sedimentary Petrology : Sedimentary process and products.
Classification of sedimentary rocks. Sedimentary structures.
Residual deposits - their mode of formation, chacteristics and
types, Clastic deposits- their classification, mineral composition
and texture. Elementary ideas about the origin and characteristics
of quartz arenites, arkoses and graywackes. Siliceous and calcareous
deposits of chemical and organic origin.
(c) Metamorphic Petrology :Types and factors of metamorphism.
Zones, grades and facies of metamorphism. Regional and contact
metamorphism. Textures and structures of metamorphic rocks.
Metamorphism of argillaceous, arenaceous,calcareous and basic rocks.
Metasomatism.
Part-IV
(a) Paleontology :Habits and habitats of animals. Fossils and
fossilization.
Modes of preservation. Application of fossils, Study of morphology
and
geological history of Foraminiferida, Brachipoda, Bivalvia,
Gastropoda, Cephalopoda, Trilobita, Echinoidea and Anthozoa.Mammals
of Siwalik Group. A brief study of Gondwana flora.
(b) Stratigraphy and Geology of India :Fundamental laws of
stratigraphy.
Stratigraphic classification lithostratigraphic, biostratigraphic
and
chronostratigraphic. Geological time scale.
Physiographic divisions and outline of stratigraphy of India. Brief
study of
Dharwar, Vindhyan and Gondwana Supergroups and Siwalik Group with
reference to
their major subdivisions, lithology, fossils, areal distribution and
economic importance.
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